Optical communications is a field of research and technology that involves the transmission of information using light waves. This technology is essential for high-speed telecommunications, including fiber-optic networks used for internet and phone services. Optical communications rely on the manipulation of light signals through the use of lasers, optical fibers, and other optical components. This area of research focuses on improving the efficiency, speed, and reliability of optical communication systems for various applications, from long-distance communication to data centers and wireless networks.